AZMEX POLICY 8 MAR 2014
Comment" Restoring full operational control of the border, for cartel associates & drug gangs? WARBI
Border Patrol tells agents not to shoot but retreat from rock throwers
9 hours ago •
By Tim Johnson McClatchy Foreign Staff
MEXICO CITY — The chief of the U.S. Border Patrol instructed his agents Friday to seek cover from rock throwers along the southern border rather than shoot at them, and to take other steps to curb a spate of killings of migrants.
Border Patrol Chief Michael J. Fisher, under scrutiny from the Mexican government and U.S. civil-rights groups over the killings, also ordered agents not to put themselves in the paths of moving vehicles as a pretext for shooting at them.
Fisher's directive came as the Department of Homeland Security made public its overarching policy on the use of deadly force after a decade of secrecy. The policy is intended to guide the actions of 21,700 Border Patrol agents, who constitute one of the largest U.S. law enforcement agencies.
What difference the Border Patrol directive would make in the killings along the Southwest border — where Border Patrol agents have slain 21 people since 2010 — is not clear. In essence, the order tells agents not to put themselves in perilous circumstances where they would be forced to draw guns.
Fisher denied, however, that his agents have been too quick to fire.
"Border Patrol agents continue to show exemplary restraint and professionalism," Fisher wrote in a four-page memorandum for the agency's personnel.
He said rock throwers had pelted agents 1,713 times since 2010, causing them to fire their service weapons 43 times, killing 10 people. He didn't say how many agents had suffered injuries from thrown rocks, noting only that three agents have died in the line of duty since 2007. One of them was killed in the dark by gunfire from another agent.
Previous cases that have drawn attention involved Border Patrol agents who had slain teenagers who were throwing rocks while standing on Mexican soil.
In January 2011, a Border Patrol agent shot across the fence and killed Ramses Barron-Torres, 17, in Nogales, Sonora. In October 2012, an agent repeatedly shot Jose Antonio Elena Rodriguez, 16, in the back while he was on a street in the same city. U.S. investigators declined to prosecute the agents involved, saying in part that they lacked jurisdiction because the victims had died on foreign soil.
Shawn Moran, the spokesman for the National Border Patrol Council, which acts as a union for Border Patrol agents, said his group was happy that the new rules didn't restrict an agent's ability to use force. He also said it is often difficult for Border Patrol agents to seek cover from rock throwers because supervisors sometimes post the agents between the fence that marks the border and one several yards inside the United States.
"They often don't have any recourse to seek cover," he said, describing the agents as "stuck between the border fence and the secondary fence, and they have no ready means of escape."
Fisher's memo made no reference to the advisability of placing agents in a location where they, in Moran's words, "have no choice but to defend themselves."
The American Civil Liberties Union, which has been critical of Border Patrol policies, said Fisher's memo didn't go far enough and called on the agency to release a study undertaken by an independent law-enforcement consulting agency known as the Police Executive Research Forum. That report is thought to have been highly critical of Border Patrol practices.
"Fisher's new guidance … is largely a restatement of existing policy, which is a shame because clearly existing policy isn't working," Chris Rickerd, the ACLU's policy counsel in its Washington office, said in a statement. He called on the Obama administration to "initiate an independent inquiry into all cases" of deadly force in the last five years "so the public can understand why the nation's largest law-enforcement agency has been failing to follow best law-enforcement practices in tactics, equipment, accountability and training, with dozens of tragically fatal results."
In the memo, Fisher said agents were authorized to use lethal force against rock throwers if they thought that "based on the totality of the circumstances, to include the size and nature of the projectiles, that the subject of such force poses an imminent danger of death or serious injury."Asked how many agents in recent years have been disciplined for exceeding use-of-force regulations, Fisher said, "I don't have the answer to that right now."
Nor could Fisher say how many times Border Patrol agents have sought to block a moving vehicle as a reason to fire on its occupants.Mexico's Secretariat of Foreign Relations issued statements after each of two killings of Mexican migrants this year that said it was "profoundly concerned" about what it saw as a disproportionate use of force by U.S. Border Patrol agents.
In one case, a Border Patrol agent shot and killed an unarmed Mexican man, Gabriel Sanchez, 31, on Jan. 16 in Southeast Arizona. The agent told authorities the migrant was trying to seize his revolver, forcing the agent to shoot.
In another case, on Feb. 18, a Border Patrol agent shot and killed a migrant along a mountain trail in Otay Mesa, Calif., who he said had pelted him with rocks, one of which reportedly hit him in the face.
No witnesses have emerged to corroborate either agent's claims.Meanwhile, the Senate confirmed White House drug czar Gil Kerlikowske on Thursday as the next commissioner for the umbrella agency over the Border Patrol, Customs and Border Protection. Kerlikowske becomes the first Senate-confirmed commissioner since 2009.
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